10吨熔铝保温炉的设计本科毕业论文.doc

PAGE 本科毕业论文 10t熔铝保温炉的设计 摘要：本文对10t熔铝保温炉进行了设计，熔体温度680～780℃，额定容量10t／炉，炉型为固定式反射炉，用天然气作为燃料，热值为35421KJ／m3，炉膛最高温度1050℃，液体升温速度为≥30℃／h。设计主要结果如下：炉子的炉膛尺寸为：长3132mm,宽2913mm，高507mm；炉子的炉体尺寸为：长5509mm，宽5203mm，高3160mm。炉子耐火材料选择如下：炉底耐火材料采用三层结构，内层选用高铝砖，中间层选用浇注料，外层选用轻质保温砖；炉壁耐火材料选择如下：内层跟铝液接触部分采用高铝砖，外层采用浇注料；上部不跟铝液接触部分内层采用耐火粘土砖，外层采用轻质保温砖再加一层硅钙板。炉顶耐火材料采用耐火粘土砖外加一层轻质保温砖。炉子热负荷计算结果如下：炉子总热量消耗为2.43×106KJ，烟气带走的热量为9.87×105KJ，炉底热损失为1.9×105KJ，炉壁热损失为119515KJ，炉顶散热损失为98626KJ。根据炉子的热量损失，选用两个高速调温烧嘴，燃料为天然气。同时对炉门形状以及升降系统进行了设计；通过对炉子的整体受力分析，选用了合适的外部型钢。对排烟系统，预热器进行了选用。使用AutoCAD软件绘制了10t保温炉总图，保温炉钢结构总图，炉门总图。 关键词： 保温炉；热负荷；耐火材料；烧嘴 The design of 10t heat holding furnace Abstract：This paper designs 10t melting heat holding preservation furnace, the melting temperature is 680 to 780℃, Nominal capacity is 10T/furnace, the Furnace type is stationary reverberatory furnace, Using natural gas as fuel, the calorific value is 35421KJ／m3 , the Furnace high temperature is 1050℃，the Liquid heating rate is ≥30℃／h. Design is the main part of the furnace in molten pool size—— the length is 3132mm, the breadth is 2913mm, the height is 507mm, the whole size of the furnace is——the length is 5509mm, the breadth is 5203mm, the height is 3160mm. select of the refractory materials is: refractory materials of furnace bottom is three layers, the inner layer uses alumina bricks; the middle layer uses castable; the external layer uses lightweight insulation brick; select of the furnace wall the refractory materials is: the Inner layer with a contact portion of the liquid aluminum uses high alumina bricks; the outer layer uses castable; the upper part is not in contact with liquid aluminum inner refractory clay brick; the outer layer use lightweight insulation brick and plus a layer of calcium silicate board. The furnace heat load calculation and checking, Consumption of total calories for the stove 2.43 × 106KJ, 9.87 × 105KJ flue to take away the heat, furnace bottom heat loss of 1.9 × 105KJ furnace wall heat loss 119515KJ, roof heat loss