1,4—二溴丁烷制备工艺的改进研究毕业论文.doc

扬州大学本科生毕业论文 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc13680 摘要 l _Toc1291 1. 绪论 l _Toc23333 1.1 1,4—二溴丁烷的性质 l _Toc18184 1.2 1,4-二溴丁烷主要制备方法 l _Toc16893 1.2.1 以浓硫酸为催化剂合成1,4—二溴丁烷 l _Toc14770 1.2.2 以固体超强酸为催化剂合成1,4—二溴丁烷 l _Toc21288 1.2.3 以工业回收溴化钠为原料生产1,4—二溴丁烷 l _Toc3354 1.3 课题意义 l _Toc5154 2. 实验部分 l _Toc2592 2.1实验仪器与试剂 l _Toc18906 2.1.1实验仪器 l _Toc7359 2.1.2实验试剂 l _Toc18501 2.2实验步骤 l _Toc24674 3. 结果与讨论 l _Toc7813 3.1 终点的判断 l _Toc3273 3.2 原料配比对产物收率的影响 l _Toc20707 3.3 催化剂用量对产物收率的影响 l _Toc20917 3.4 反应温度对产物收率的影响 l _Toc581 3.5 产品分析 l _Toc8123 3.5.1 溴化钾压片法表征产品 l _Toc14396 3.5.2 折射率测定法表征产品 l _Toc2902 3.6 重复及放大实验 l _Toc18902 4. 结论 l _Toc27995 5. 参考文献 l _Toc4720 6. 致谢 l _Toc11826 7. 附录 17 1,4—二溴丁烷制备工艺的改进研究 应用化学0701 冯素流 指导老师：邵建国副教授 摘要：本文以四氢呋喃、工业回收溴化钠为反应原料，在浓硫酸作用下加热回流2h，成功合成了1,4—二溴丁烷。通过改进后处理工艺，反应物经水蒸气蒸馏、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中和及干燥剂干燥处理后，得到了较纯的无色的1,4—二溴丁烷化合物。产品表征用测定折射率、红外光谱、沸点测定对所得到的产品进行确认。本文还通过改变反应条件，研究了不同的反应物配比、反应温度等反应条件对产物收率的影响，并最终确定了最佳反应条件。该工艺具有反应条件温和，副产物少，产物收率高的特点。收率达89.51%。 关键词：1,4—二溴丁烷；四氢呋喃；溴化钠；有机合成；工艺改进 The Process Improvement of the Preparation of 1,4 - Dibromo Butane Abstract：In this paper,using tetrahydrofuran, sodium bromide as the reaction raw material and refluxing under the concentrated sulfuric acid was for 2h, 1,4 - dibromo butane was synthesized successfully. After the treatment process like steam distillation, sodium bicarbonate solution neutralizing the acid which was not reacted, and drying with calcium chloride, a more pure colorless 1,4 - dibromo butane compound was obtained. Besides, the product was characterized and confirmed by the use of refractive index determination, infrared spectroscopy and determination of boiling point. In addition, by changing the reaction conditions like different molar ratios of reactants, reaction temperature , we ultimately found the best reaction condition for the product to achieve a higher yield , namely, 89.51%. Whats more, there are advantages in this process such as mild reaction conditions, less by-products, h