论犯罪与刑罚(英文版).docVIP

论犯罪与刑罚 Of Crimes and Punishments Cesare Bonesana, Marchese Beccaria, 1738-1794 Originally published in Italian in 1764 Dei delitti e delle pene. English: An essay on crimes and punishments. Written by the Marquis Beccaria, of Milan. With a commentary attributed to Monsieur de Voltaire. Philadelphia: Printed and sold by R. Bell, next door to St. Pauls Church, in Third-Street. MDCCLXXVIII. [1778] Translated from the French by Edward D. Ingraham. Second American edition. Philadelphia (No. 175, Chesnut St.): Published by Philip H. Nicklin: A. Walker, printer, 24, Arch St., 1819. Table of Contents Introduction. Chapter 01 Of the Origin of Punishments. Chapter 02 Of the right to punish. Chapter 03 Consequences of the foregoing Principles. Chapter 04 Of the Interpretation of Laws. Chapter 05 Of the Obscurity of Laws. Chapter 06 Of the Proportion between Crimes and Punishments. Chapter 07 Of estimating the Degree of Crimes. Chapter 08 Of the Division of Crimes. Chapter 09 Of Honour. Chapter 10 Of Duelling. Chapter 11 Of crimes which disturb the Public Tranquillity. Chapter 12 Of the Intent of Punishments. Chapter 13 Of the Credibility of Witnesses. Chapter 14 Of Evidence and the Proofs of a Crime, and of the Form of Judgment. Chapter 15 Of secret Accusations. Chapter 16 Of Torture. Chapter 17 Of pecuniary Punishments. Chapter 18 Of Oaths. Chapter 19 Of the Advantage of immediate Punishment. Chapter 20 Of Acts of violence. Chapter 21 Of the Punishment of the Nobles. Chapter 22 Of Robbery. Chapter 23 Of Infamy considered as a Punishment. Chapter 24 Of Idleness. Chapter 25 Of Banishment and Confiscation. Chapter 26 Of the Spirit of Family in States. Chapter 27 Of the Mildness of Punishments. Chapter 28 Of the Punishment of Death. Chapter 29 Of imprisonment. Chapter 30 Of Prosecuti