Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语语法介词.doc

Mba,mpa,mpacc联考英语词汇介词【mba加油站】 一、介词的定义和分类 　　介词又叫前置词，一般置于名词之前，只表示其后的名词或相当于名词的词与其他句子成分的关系。介词按构成可以分为简单介词、复合介词和短语介词:介词按意义可以分为表示地点的介词、表示时间的介词、表示方式的介词、表示原因的介词等。 　　1.简单介词 　　简单介词是由一个单词构成的介词。如about， above, across, against, along, among,around, at, before, behind, below, beside, besides, between, beyond, but, by, down, during,except，for， from, in, inside, like, of, off， on, over, near, past， round, since,through, till，to，towards， under，until， up, with, per，plus， via, despite， inc1uding, considering, regarding,concerning 等。 　　2. 复合介词 　　复合介词是由两个介词构成的。如throughout， within, without, into,upon 等。 　　3. 短语介词 　　短语介词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的介词。如: according to, along with， apart from， as for, as to, because of, by means of, due to, except fo民far from. for the sake of. inspite of, instead of, out of, previous to, with regard to 等。 　　二、介词短语的语法功能 　　介词不能单独使用，但可以和其他词类或成分构成介词短语。介词短语在句中可以作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语、宾语，有时也可以作主语或同位语。 　　1.介词短语作定语 　　A friend in need is a friend indeed. 　　She seems to know the solution to the problem. 　　2. 介词短语作状语 　　In all probability, he will decline your invitation. 　　I arrived at the concert hall in good time. 　　He lives somewhere in this neighborhood. 　　3. 介词短语作表语 　　His absence is due to the rain. 　　The decision is of great importance to us. 　　4. 介词短语作宾语补足语 　　When he came to, he found himself in the hospital. 　　Please sit down and make yourself at home. 　　5. 介词短语作介词的宾语 　　A cat appeared from under the table. 　　He didnt come back until after midnight. 　　6. 介词短语作主语 　　From infancy to manhood is an impontant period. 　　From here to there is a short distance. 　　7. 介词短语作同位语 　　He works all day, that is to say,from 8 am to 8 pm. 　三、常见（短语）介词的用法辨析 　　1. at, in, on 表示时间的区别 　　at 表示点时刻可以和小时、时刻、节日名称等连用in 表示段时刻可以和年、月、季节、上午、下午等连用on 表示特定的时间，可以和周、日、节日、上午、下午、晚上等连用。 　　at seven oclockl2:25am/midnight/dawn/noon/breakfast/Christmas/Easter 　　in 2010/March/spring/the moming/the late afternoon on Monday/ April 5/New Years Day/Christmas Eve/a cold night/Friday moming 　2. till, until, to 　　(1)在from...to...结构中