放疗后吞咽障碍的低频脉冲电刺激治疗英文课件.ppt

Postpharyngeal Leakage before eating Inability to transport the food Muscle weakness of the tongue and feeding， swallow difficult Postpharyngeal Soft palate, Postpharyngeal fibrosis, Nasal reflux Insufficiency of throat 天突 咽后壁 Severe aspiration，dyspnea Biofeedback training instrument of dysphagia Active assistance training Current stimulation induced by Muscle contraction Assessment Surface electromyography（sEMG） Active training Set the appropriate threshold of the game (biofeedback training scenarios) according to the sEMG Passive training Neuromuscular electrical stimulation（NMES） sEMG mode：assess muscle strength by surface electromyography GAME mode:Set the appropriate threshold of the game according to the sEMG Three training modes Coordination exercise Endurance exercise Force exercise Coordination exercise Endurance exercise Active assistance training：Current stimulation induced by Muscle contraction NMES mode：Neuromuscular electrical stimulation（NMES） Neuromuscular electrical stimulation 5-100Hz，Symmetric and biphasic square wave，Regulable pulse width： 50-450us Weak current induced contraction of swallowing muscles prevent muscular atrophy of disuse * 脉宽：600us， 运动点、肌腹。 唾液分泌的调节完全是神经反射性的，包括非条件反射和条件反射。 支配唾液腺的传出神经有交感神经和副交感神经。此两种神经兴奋时，均引起唾液分泌增加，但以副交感神经的作用为主。当副交感神经兴奋时，其末梢释放乙酰胆碱作用于唾液腺使之分泌大量稀薄的、酶多消化力强的唾液。如用乙酰胆碱或类似药时，可引起大量唾液分泌，而用抗乙酰胆碱药（如阿托品），则能抑制唾液分泌。 当口腔内的机械、化学、温度感受器受到刺激时，兴奋沿第Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ对脑神经中的传入纤维传至唾液分泌中枢（初级中枢在延脑，高级中枢在下丘脑和大脑皮层等处），然后兴奋沿传出神经到达各唾液腺，引起唾液分泌，此即非条件反射性唾液分泌。 在上述非条件反射基础上，进食的环境、食物的形状、颜色、香味等都可成为条件刺激形成条件反射，引起唾液分泌，“望梅止渴”即是一个例子。人在进食时的唾液分泌，既有非条件反射又有条件反射的调节。 图片与文字没对应？ Low-frequency electrical stimulation treatment for dysphagia after radiotherapy Outline Dysphagia after radiotherapy 1 Introduction and types of low frequency electrical stimulation 2 Application of low frequency electrical stimulation in dysphagia after radiotherapy 3 Radiotherapy Main treatment of cancer by exposing to a radioactive substance Toxic and side effect Radioactive dermatitis, radiat