医学节肢动物概论七年制教学课件.ppt

臭 虫 (bed bug) 喜群居，怕光，夜间活动，吸血5～10min耐饥力强（6～7个月），寿命1年。 不耐高温：45℃1小时死亡。 蜱、螨 (tick and mite) 种类： 蜱：硬蜱、软蜱 螨：革螨、恙螨、疥螨、蠕形螨、尘螨 疥 螨 (Sarcoptes) 疥 螨 (Sarcoptes) 永久性寄生螨： 寄生于宿主的皮肤表层内，引起疥疮。 形态：半球状，乳黄色，0.2～0.4mm, 雌虫大于雄虫 生活史：半变态，8～17天，♀寿命40～60天，产卵 20 ～ 50个。隧道最长10～15mm。 交配：夜间宿主皮肤上（♂成虫和第二期♀若虫） 致病：红丘疹、水泡、脓疱疮 传播：直接 同床，握手 间接 衣物，卧具 防治：衣物蒸、煮消毒，10%苯甲酸苄酯擦剂，硫磺软膏 疥 疮 手部脓疱疥疮 全身性脓疱疥疮 毛囊蠕形螨 (Demodex folliculorum) 皮脂蠕形螨 (Demodex brevis) References to associations between humans and arthropods – historical (Homer and Aristotle, among others, wrote about the nuisance caused by flies, mosquitoes, lice and/or bedbugs.) Important discoveries: Microscope - Leeuwenhoek 1700’s Infectious Disease - Koch et al. 1800’s History of Medical Entomology: Mosquitoes (Culex pipiens) and filarial worms (Wuchereria bancrofti) - Manson, 1877 Tick (Boophilus annulatus) and Texas cattle fever (piroplasmosis) transmission - Smith Kilborne, 1891 Mosquito (Aedes aegypti) and yellow fever virus - Finlay, Reed, Carroll, Agramonte and Lazear, 1900 Trypanosomes in cattle blood - Bruce, 1895 Tsetse fly (Glossina sp.) transmission of trypanosomes - Bruce, 1896 Tsetse fly transmission of trypanosomes to humans (African Sleeping Sickness) - Bruce, 1903 History of Medical Entomology - 2 Malaria parasites in human blood - Laveran, 1894 Anopheles mosquitoes with malaria parasites - Ross, 1897 Transmission of bird malaria by Culex mosquitoes - Ross, 1898 Complete development of human malaria parasite in mosquitoes - Grassi, 1898 Transmission of human malarial parasite by mosquitoes - Sambon and Low, 1899 Only Anopheles mosquitoes transmit human malarial parasites - Watson and Christophers, 1899 History of Medical Entomology - 3: Mosquito transmission of dengue virus - Graham, 1902 Fleas and plague - Liston, Verjbitski et al.,1895 - 1910 Triatomine bugs and trypanosomes (Chagas disease) - Chagas, 1908 Black flies and onchocerciasis (river blindness) - Blalock, 1926 Mosquitoes and vi