游梁式抽油机调平衡装置设计.docVIP

游梁式抽油机平衡调节装置的设计 （长江大学石油工程学院，湖北 荆州 434023） 摘要 一直以来，人工进行游梁式抽油机平衡调节的劳动强度大、工作效率低、安全性较低、调整精确度偏低。针对这些问题，越来越多的研究人员都开始着力研究提高工作效率和调节精度的平衡调节装置，但大多数调平衡装置的仍存在着智能水平不够、安装与维护繁琐等等问题。在这一系列问题的基础上我们以抽油机平衡调节技术为理论支撑，结合机械与电气理论设计了一种智能调平衡装置，装置能根据游梁式抽油机的实时平衡状况自动进行平衡调节，让抽油机处于相对平衡的状况下运行。实验表明，装置安装之后很大程度上提高了抽油机平衡调节的工作效率和安全系数，实验井的抽油机平衡度由141%调节到了106%，使抽油机处于平衡状况下运行，而且综合节电率达到8.5%。 关键词 游梁式抽油机 平衡调节 智能 中图分类号：TE933.1 文献标识码：A Design of Beam Pumping Unit Balancing Adjustment Device （petroleum?engineering?college，Yangtze University，Jingzhou 434023，Hubei，China） Abstract: The manual balance adjustment of beam pumping unit has been labor-intensive, low efficiency, less secure, low adjustment accuracy all the time. In order to solve these problems, more and more researchers are beginning to focus on research to improve the efficiency and accuracy of balance adjustment, but most of the balance device intelligence level is low, installation and maintenance is complicated. On the basis of the series of problems, unit balance adjustment technology as a theoretical support combined with mechanical and electrical system, we design an intelligent balance adjustment device. The device can be based on real-time balance condition of beam pumping unit to adjust balance automatically, so that the pumping unit runs in relatively balanced conditions. Experiments show that after installation of devices, the pumping unit balance adjustment of efficiency and safety factors are improved in large extent, degree of balance of pumping unit is adjusted from 141% to 106% in experimental well, and unit runs in the balance state, besides, comprehensive energy-saving rate reach to 8.5%. Key words: beam pumping unit balancing adjustment intelligence 迄今为止，常规游梁式抽油机仍然是油田进行有杆泵采油作业主要的抽油装置，其数量约占抽油机总数的一半以上[1]。而由于游梁式抽油机油井长期开采而导致地层条件改变造成原来处于平衡状况的抽油机将会失去平衡，让抽油机处于非平衡状况下运行。在不同的开发时期，国内油田的在役抽油机的平衡调节主要有两种方式：一是由人力来增加抽油机自身的游梁平衡重或者移动曲柄平衡块，这种方式基本上是由技术人员计算曲柄平衡块所需要移动的距离或是游梁平衡块所需要增加的数目之后由操作人员进行高强度的平衡调节作业，这导致平衡调节的工作效率很低，安全度不高，而且调整的精确度很大程度上会受人