Ras-Raf-MAPK, mTOR-PI3K-AKT信号通路详解.pptVIP

Signal Transduction Pathways the Clinical Implications Lixin KAN, Ph D Professor Anhui Medical University, China Distinguished professor Bengbu Medical College, China Adjunct professor Northwestern University, USA l-kan@northwestern.edu Overview: Concept, components, common features of cell signal transduction pathways Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway Jak-STAT pathway NF-kB pathway Notch pathway Abnormal Cell signaling and diseases CONTENT OVERVIEW Signal transduction refers to the process that the extracellular stimuli regulate the biological functions, through membranous or intracellular receptors mediated signal cascade. Definition Proliferation Differentiation Motility Death Transformation Signals Biochemical processes Growth factors Cytokines Extracellular matrix proteins Cell stresses Schematic view of Cell signaling Cell signaling affects virtually EVERY ASPECT of cell structures and functions. 1. Extracellular signal molecules: Ligand/Agonist. 2. Receptor –are specific proteins, which are able to recognize and bind to corresponding ligands. Binding is specific, but not always in 1-1 fashion. 3. Transducers – carries the message from the receptor to the effector. Transducers could be enzymes, adaptor, or others. Transduction is a multi-step process. 4. Effector proteins – produces a 2nd messenger such as cAMP. COMPONENTS Bind to membrane receptors Bind to intracellular-- receptors Extracellular molecules Chemical Signal Proteins and peptides: Hormones, cytokines Amino acid derivatives: Catecholamine Fatty acid derivatives: Prostaglandins Steroid hormones, Thyroxine , VD3 Physical Signal light, wave, voice, pressure temperature Signal molecules Ligand/Agonist Extracellular signal molecules: Ligand/Agonist are normally released by signal-producing cells, reach and bind to the receptor protein of target cells. Types of si