世界贸易组织WTO课件规则解读中英版栾信杰 ISBN9787566308696 WTO专题SPS.ppt

WTO关于卫生与植物检疫措施适用规则 WTO 　SPS 　Rules 一、WTO关于卫生与植物检疫措施适用规则 　　　在国际贸易中，一些WTO成员借口保护人类、动物或植物的生命或健康、保护生态平衡，设置了一些不合理的检疫措施和标准，严重地影响了国际贸易的正常发展。为此WTO制定了关于卫生与植物检疫措施的适用规则。这些规则体现于WTO《实施卫生与植物检疫措施协定》(Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, SPS Agreement）中。 [1] There are 14 articles and 3 annexes in SPS Agreement. 一、SPS的宗旨 How do you ensure that your country’s consumers are being supplied with food that is safe to eat — “safe” by the standards you consider appropriate? And at the same time, how can you ensure that strict health and safety regulations are not being used as an excuse for protecting domestic producers? An agreement on how governments can apply food safety and animal and plant health measures (sanitary and phytosanitary or SPS measures) sets out the basic rules in the WTO. (To be continued) It allows countries to set their own standards. But it also says regulations must be based on science. They should be applied only to the extent necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health. And they should not arbitrarily or unjustifiably discriminate between countries where identical or similar conditions prevail.? 二、基本目标 The basic aim of the SPS Agreement is to maintain the sovereign right of any government to provide the level of health protection it deems appropriate, but to ensure that these sovereign rights are not misused for protectionist purposes and do not result in unnecessary barriers to international trade.? 三、卫生与植物检疫措施的内涵 四、范围 Sanitary or phytosanitary measures include all relevant laws, decrees, regulations, requirements and procedures including, inter alia, end product criteria; processes and production methods; testing, inspection, certification and approval procedures; quarantine treatments including relevant requirements associated with the transport of animals or plants, or with the materials necessary for their survival during transport; provisions on relevant statistical methods, sampling procedures and metho