跨文化商务交际课件周小微 9787 81134 921 4unit 5.ppt

What is the cultural implication behind these proverbs Evil comes out of one’s mouth The mouth is to eat with, not to speak with He who speaks has no knowledge and he who has knowledge does not speak The person who speaks much does not give much thought to what he is saying What is the cultural implication behind these proverbs Don’t beat about the bush. Get straight to the point Say what you mean. Edward T. Hall Edward T. Hall was born on May 16, 1914 in Webster Groves, Missouri. Three important concepts about cultural differences that Hall described include: time, context, and space. Context Context is the information that surrounds an event; it is inextricably bound up with the meaning of the event. Edward T. Hall Beyond culture 1976 Context (setting背景, 环境):? Context is the influences that help cause a particular event or situation to happen. Different people are living in a context containing a variety of religious rituals, customs, habits, behavior codes, language codes and etc. On the whole, people in all cultures use both relatively high and relatively low context communication. Hall’s Theory on High and Low Context Cultures a high-context culture: most of the information is either in the physical context or internalized in the person while very little is in the coded, explicit part of the message; meaning is not necessarily contained in words; information is provided through gestures, age, sex, education, family background, etc. （在高语境文化中，在人们交际时，有较多的信息量或者蕴涵在社会文化环境和情景中，或者内化于交际者的心中；相对地讲，明显的语码则负载较少的信息量。这也意味着，在强交际环境文化的人们对微妙的环境提示较为敏感。） illustration: twins who have grown up together Hall’s Theory on High and Low Context Cultures a low-context culture: the mass of the information is vested in the explicit code ; messages are detailed, clear-cut, and definite; illustration: two lawyers in a courtroom; a child trying to explain to his mother why he got into a fight 在低语境文化中，交际过程中所产生的信息量的大部分由显性的语码负载，相对地讲，只有少量的信息蕴涵在隐性的环