动词不定式与动名词用法总结资料.docVIP

动词不定式与动名词用法总结 一 动词不定式作主语 (1) （1）To learn a foreign language is not easy. 主语 It（形式主语） is not easy to learn a foreign language(真正主语) It takes / took me 3 hours to read English It is not difficult for us to learn a foreign language It’s kind of you to help me with my English . 1 It＋is＋形容词（表示人的性格品质）＋ of sb ＋to do 2 It＋is＋形容词（表示做某事是怎么样）＋ for sb ＋to do 注（1）当形容词表示人的性格品质时，逻辑主语由of引出, 如：kind，nice, good, polite, clever, careful，careless， foolish， （2）当形容词表示做某事是怎么样时逻辑主语由for引出. 如： difficult, hard , easy, important, dangerous possible 二 动 词不定式 宾 语 此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。 want to do agree to do hope to do decide to do prefer to do plan to do offer to do would like to do Kevin planned to visit his uncle 三 动词不定式做宾语补足语 tell sb + to do ask sb + to do want sb + to do order sb + to do invite sb + to do warn sb + to do I tell him not to go there by bus ． 四 ：定 语 动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词 、代词的后面。 例: I have a lot of work to do． 点击规律: 动词不定式若在句中作定语, 常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板: 如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系, 且动词是不及物动词, 切记不要忘掉后面的介词。 如 I have a small chair to sit on．(sit on the chair) There aren’t enough rooms to live in. (live in enough rooms) 五 作 状 语 A .目的状语.（1） I come to see you． （2 ）He runs fast in order to get there in time． b. 原因状语: 放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed，excited等词后面。对其进行补充说明, 作形容词补足语） 如： I am glad to see you here． I am sorry to trouble you． 六 动词不定式表语 : 放在连系动词be后面 (be +adj + to do) 例句: His wish / hope is to become a scientist．. My work is to clean the street . 七 : “疑问词＋不定式”用法 不定式前可带what，who，which，where, when, how, whose, 等疑问词, 这种不定式短语在句中作宾语、宾语补足语、主语等。 例: He didn’t tell me where to go. (直宾) I don’t know what to say now.(宾语) I dont know what to do next. (宾语） He taught us how to use the computer．(宾语补足语) 九 重点句型： 要注意如下两个句型的用法，后面的to+V（原形）都是做状语。 A. … too + adj / adv + to +do .. 太…而不能