大学生物学简介.ppt

Chapter 1 Biology: Exploring Life March 7 (Thurs), 2014 Chapter 1: Big Ideas Themes in the Studyof Biology The Processof Science Biology andEveryday Life Evolution, the CoreTheme of Biology THEMES IN THE STUDY  OF BIOLOGY © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. (1) Order (2) Reproduction (3) Growth and development (4) Energy processing (7) Evolutionary adaptation (6) Regulation (5) Response to the environment sunbathing Camouflages Insectivorous plant Figure 1.1 Some important properties of life 1.1 All forms of life share common properties Biology is the scientific study of life. Properties of life include Order—the highly ordered structure that typifies life Reproduction—the ability of organisms to reproduce their own kind Growth and development—consistent growth and development controlled by inherited DNA Energy processing—the use of chemical energy to power an organism’s activities and chemical reactions © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Response to the environment—an ability to respond to environmental stimuli Regulation—an ability to control an organism’s internal environment within limits that sustain life Evolutionary adaptation—adaptations evolve over many generations as individuals with traits best suited to their environments have greater reproductive success and pass their traits to offspring © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 1.2 In life’s hierarchy of organization Biosphere Madagascar Ecosystem:Forest inMadagascar Community:All organisms inthe forest Population:Group of ring-tailedlemurs Organism:Ring-tailed lemur All of the environments on Earth that support life Figure 1.2 Life’s hierarchy of organization Organism:Ring-tailed lemur Organ system:Nervous system Organ:Brain Tissue:Nervous tissue Nerve Spinal cord Brain Organelle:Nucleus Cell:Nerve cell Nucleus Atom Molecule:DNA Biosphere Madagascar Ecosystem:Forest inMadagascar Community:All organisms inthe forest Population:Group of ring-tailedlemurs Organism:Ring-tailed le