使用纵深防御措施提高工业控制系统网络安全(英文版).pdf

Recommended Practice: Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-In-Depth Strategies October 2009 DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any employee, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party’s use, or the results of such use, or any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed in this publication, or represents that its use by such third party would not infringe privately owned rights. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Industrial control systems are an integral part of critical infrastructure, helping facilitate operations in vital sectors such as electricity, oil and gas, water, transportation, and chemical. A growing issue with cybersecurity and its impact on industrial control systems have highlighted some fundamental risks to critical infrastructures. To address cybersecurity issues for industrial control systems, a clear understanding of the security challenges and specific defensive countermeasures is required. A holistic approach, one that uses specific countermeasures to create an aggregated security posture, can help defend against cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities that affect an industrial control system. This approach, often referred to as “defense-in-depth,” can be applied to industrial control systems and can provide for a flexible and useable framework for improving cybersecurity defenses. Concerns in regard to cybersecurity and control systems are related to both the legacy nature of some of the systems as well as the growing trend to connect industrial control systems to other networks. These concerns have lead to a number of identified vulnerabilities and have introduced new categories of threats that have not been seen before in the indus