伊丽莎白一世（英文版）.PPT

Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called Elizabeth I of England ,The Virgin Queen(童贞女王), Gloriana(荣光女王) or Good Queen Bess(英明女王), the childless Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty. The Lady Elizabeth in about 1546, by an unknown artist Elizabeth was born at?Greenwich Palace?and was named after both her grandmothers,?Elizabeth of York?and? Elizabeth Howard. She was the second child of?Henry VIII of England?born in wedlock to survive infancy. Her mother was Henrys second wife,Anne Boleyn. At birth, Elizabeth was the?heiress presumptive?to the throne of England. Her older half-sister,?Mary, had lost her position as a legitimate heir when Henry annulled his marriage to Marys mother,? Catherine of Aragon, to marry Anne, with the intent to sire a male heir and ensure the Tudor succession.? Elizabeth was baptised on 10 September;?Archbishop Thomas Cranmer, the?Marquess of Exeter, the?Duchess of Norfolk?and the?Dowager Marchioness of Dorset?stood as her godparents. When Elizabeth was two years and eight months old, her mother was executed on 19 May 1536.Elizabeth was declared illegitimate and deprived of her place in the royal succession.? Eleven days after Anne Boleyns death, Henry married?Jane Seymour, but she died shortly after the birth of their son,?Prince Edward, in 1537. From his birth, Edward was undisputed heir apparent to the throne. Elizabeth was placed in his household and carried the?chrisom, or baptismal cloth, at his christening. Elizabeths first governess or Lady Mistress,?Margaret Bryan, wrote that she was as toward a child and as gentle of conditions as ever I knew any in my life. ?By the time her formal education ended in 1550, she was one of the best educated women of her generation.By the end of her life, Elizabeth was also believed to speak?Welsh, Cornish,? Scottish? and?Irish?in addition to English. The Venetian ambassad