微电子的英文介绍.doc

Essay What is the microelectronics? The history of the microelectronic. The 1956 Nobel Prize of Physics was awarded jointly, one third each, to: William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect. 2000 Nobel Prize of Physics is being awarded with one half jointly to: JACK ST. CLAIR KILBY for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit. And one half to: ZHORES I ALFEROV and HERBERT KROEMER for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed-and opto-electronics 2) What is the microelectronic? Microelectronics constitutes the miniaturization of circuits and systems on semiconductor. And it studies the movement of electrons or ions in the solid material. The characteristic of the microelectronics is small size and light weight and high reliability and quickly work. So microelectronics technology has a huge impact on information age. 3) The status and role of the microelectronics technology. eq \o\ac(○,1)Microelectronic technology is the basis of the information technology. The first computer born in the United States in 1946 had area of 150 square meters and had weight of 30 tons. But the running speed of this computer was only 5000 times per second and the storage was only one thousand. There are hundreds of millions computers in the word now and come to the office and family. The foundation technology of this great changing is microelectronics. eq \o\ac(○,2)Microelectronic is an important symbol of a countrys level of development The date of the modern economic development showed that when GNP increased by 100-300 Yuan the integrated circuit products should output 1 Yuan. The role microelectronics will play in the next 30 years Moore’s Law Performance doubles with every new chip generation (approximately every 18-24 months). The smallest transistor that can be fabricated on an integrated circuit halves in size every three years. The Moore’s La