从历史看电动自行车在中国快速转型的主要原因外文翻译.doc

从历史看电动自行车在中国快速转型的主要原因外文翻译 本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目: The transition to electric bikes in China: history and key reasons for rapid growth出 处: Transportation作 者: Jonathan Weinert 、Chaktan Ma and Christopher Cherry The transition to electric bikes in China: history and key reasons for rapid growth Jonathan Weinert Chaktan Ma Christopher Cherry Abstract Annual electric bike e-bike sales in China grew from 40,000 in 1998 to 10 million in 2005. This rapid transition from human-powered bicycles, buses and gasoline-powered scooters to an all-electric vehicle/fuel technology system is special in the evolution of transportation technology and, thus far, unique to China. We examine how and why e-bikes developed so quickly in China with particular focus on the key technical, economic, and political factors involved. This case study provides important insights to policy makers in China and abroad on how timely regulatory policy can change the purchase choice of millions and create a new mode of transportation. These lessons are especially important to China as it embarks on a large-scale transition to personal vehicles, but also to other countries seeking more sustainable forms of transportation. Keywords E-bike Electric bicycle Electric scooterTwo-wheel vehicle Introduction Electric bikes are a category of vehicles in China that includes two-wheel bikes propelled by human pedaling supplemented by electrical power from a storage battery, and low-speed scooters propelled almost solely by electricity usually with perfunctory pedals to satisfy legal definitions. These vehicles have become a popular transportation mode for Chinese consumers because they provide an inexpensive and convenient form of private mobility and are thus an attractive alternative to public transit or regular bicycling. They are promoted by national and many local governments due to their low energy consumption and zero tailpipe emissions, especially important in China’s congested urban ar