基于儿童生活经验的幼儿园课程开发的个案研究.doc

_基于儿童生活经验的幼儿园课程开发_的个案研究 论文摘要 随着幼儿园课程改革的深入,幼儿园课程开发逐渐成为学前教育领域备受关 注的研究问题之一。基于不同的价值基础,幼儿园课程开发呈现不同的方式。从 尊重儿童这一角度出发,幼儿园课程开发应以儿童的生活经验为基础。本研究立 足于实践,采用个案研究方法,探索如何立足于儿童生活经验进行幼儿园课程开 发。 本研究选择上海市 C区 T幼儿园为个案研究对象,采用非参与式实地观察、 访谈以及文献收集等手段获得各种资料,通过归纳和分析形成研究结论。 论文论述了现代课程理论三大流派有关幼儿园课程开发基础的观点,提出幼 儿园课程开发应该建立在儿童生活经验基础上。 自二十世纪八十年代中期以来,T幼儿园在综合性主题教育活动背景下,从 尊重儿童的生活经验、尊重儿童的选择出发,进行了适合儿童发展、适合幼儿园 发展的课程开发实践探索。教师着重把儿童的生活经验转化为活动的主题,以研 究方案为起点,从改变活动环境入手,基于儿童生活经验设计了各种主题探索活 动。 为解决主题探索活动阶段存在的不足,T幼儿园明确提出幼儿园课程开发应 尊重儿童选择权,开展了以“课程超市”为主要内容的试验研究。教师根据自己 对儿童兴趣爱好特点的了解以及自身的专业特长设计各类活动,并在一个特定的 活动时间范围内,将全园或全年级教师所设计的各类活动都展现在儿童面前,由 儿童自主选择感兴趣或想参加的活动。 基于理论与实践的探讨,本研究提出幼儿园本位的课程开发应该关注:(1) 以儿童生活经验为基础; (2)尊重和给予儿童选择权; (3)合作研讨基础上的教 师发展。 关键词:幼儿园课程开发 儿童生活经验 儿童选择权 教师发展 个案研究 - i - ABSTRACT Kindergarten-based curriculum development KBCD has been widely studied with the development of curriculum reform in China, especially since the latest reform which began in 1980s. Different kindergartens developed diverse curricula according to their own understanding of KBCD. It’s suggested that KBCD should be conducted based on children’s life experiences Case study is the main research method employed in this research. The case is T Kindergarten in Shanghai. By presenting the process of curriculum development in T Kindergarten, the research explores how to develop kindergarten curriculum which is based on children’s life experiences. Multiple methods of data collection are adopted as well, including on-site observation, interview and documents analysis Three modern curriculum theories were discussed and a basic proposition that KBCD should be developed on the base of children’s life experiences was put forward in the first part of the thesisEver since mid-1980s, T Kindergarten commenced its practical exploration of KBCD. With the fast development of T Kindergarten’s curriculum, it attached more and more importance to children’s life experiences. A research project was designed originally. The impor