状语从句考点归纳.PPT

Adverbial Clause 状语从句考点 一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类 定义：在复合句中作状语的从句 功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句 分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。 从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。 状语从句 时间状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 结果状语从句 让步状语从句 地点状语从句 方式状语从句 目的状语从句 比较状语从句 考什么 连接词 语序 省略 语气 二：能力要求： 1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语 从句中经常使用的连词 2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句 的逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词 完成交际. 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连词的 用法区别. 一.时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc. It will be two months before he comes back. It is two years since he smoked. 2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, etc. I’ll tell him the minute (that) he gets here. I started the very moment I got your letter. 3. 副词类（由副词充当引导词）：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...) 4.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely… when…, etc. (一…就…) e.g. I will give you an answer immediately I finish  my work. The machine will start instantly you press the button. e.g She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted. No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted. Scarcely had he gone when she appeared. 注意:用于句首时应引起部分倒装, 且前部分一般用过去完成时 ________________________(下课的时候), we began our writing. John sings________________（边走）. _________________________（我们看电视的时候）, he was writing a composition. When the lesson was over as he walks While we were watching TV 注意： 1. when, as, while 的区别 when: 持续性／非持续性动词都可 as: 当；一边…一边；随着 while:持续性动词／　进行 2. till, until和not…until小结： 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until he came. 2．用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He won’t go to bed till/until she returns. 3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4．not…until句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I