485柴油机设计说明书(活塞组零件设计).doc

PAGE PAGE 36 485柴油机设计（活塞组零件设计） 摘 要 485型柴油是90年代末为轻型载货车设计的高速发动机。该机具有机体积小，结构紧凑，重量轻，外型美观等特点。产品设计移植了国外同类机型先进的设计思想和新型结构，机体采用曲面设计，提高了 强度，降低噪声辐射。产品适用于配套载荷0.5~1吨轻型卡车和小型客车。本次设计采用直喷燃烧室采用圆缩口ω型、螺旋进气道。 基本参数 额定功率/转速 30kw/2600r/min 缸径/行程 85mm/100 mm 本设计的活塞销用浮式销。浮式销的工作表面相对滑动速度较小，摩擦产生的热量也相应减小，磨损较小且均匀，延长了销的寿命。浮式销在运转中不易被卡住，装配时不需要加热就可以用手推入活塞的销孔内。从而简化了装配工艺。 连杆大头采用斜切口的剖分方式，切口角为45度。这样的剖分形式的优点是满足连杆组能从从气缸装拆的条件下，可增大曲柄销直径，有利于提高曲轴的刚度和连杆轴承的工作能力。，也就是说它在解决曲柄销直径和从气缸中抽出连杆之间的矛盾。 关键词：柴油机，活塞，连杆 DESIGN OF 4100 AIR-COOLED DIESEL ENGINE ( PARTS OF PISTON GROUP) ABSTRACT The characteristic of the air-cooled cooling system is its simple structure, light weight and there are few troubles in use. Its cooling system and the engine make a body, does not need spare parts as water pump, radiator, cooling water pipe and so on, avoide the cooling system having the breakdown of water leakage, the ebullition, cracks as a result of freezing the.It is Specially suitable to the area taking the water to be inconvenient and lacking of water. In addition, it has the manufacture, the service convenient merit. The piston top bears the function of transient high temperature maximum gas, the maximum gas temperature can reach 1800- 2600℃,so the temperature of The piston top is very high, and temperature distribution is very non-uniformity, Especially in direct injection diesel, it has the quite deep pit in its top, so the piston actual heating area increases very much, its hot load is more serious. The hot load is an important barrier which the engine strengthens. In this design uses the floating type piston pin, The floating type piston pin active face relatively sliding speed smaller, the friction produces the quantity of heat also correspondingly reduced, wears smaller also is even, lengthened the life of piston pin. The floating type piston pin in the revolution is not easily caught, When installation can push piston pin in the hool does not need to heat up it. Thus simplified the assembler skill. To the bi