英语笔译实务(二级).doc

英语笔译实务（二级） 醉翁之意不在酒 最近，美国的一些高级经济官员宣称，人民币兑美元的价值被低估了，因此人民币应该升值。这一说法的根据是：中国的外汇储备已达约3500亿美元，而中国拥有的美国政府债券已经超过1220亿美元。从这个意义上说，中国已成为美国的最大债权国之一，已经占了上风。美国政府的这种担心不难理解。曾几何时，美国把日本当做替罪羊，说是日本人抢走了美国人的饭碗。然后又指责墨西哥。现在又指控说中国人做事不公，以廉价的币值和较低的单位成本向美国出口产品。 在此情况下，美国的高价产品滞销，美国工厂的库存积压，其结果是工人失业，甚至工厂关闭。所以，中国的经济政策应对美国的失业问题负责。此种论调根本站不住脚。如果美国的消费者不购买廉价的中国产品，则需购买高价的同类产品。因此，购买中国产品可省下钱来购买更多的由美国生产的资本密集型或知识密集型产品。实际情况是，中国向美国出口低价商品可以增加美国人的实际收入。由此看来，美国政府对中国一而再、再而三地抱怨完全是醉翁之意不在酒。 What Are They Driving At? Recently, some top U. S. economic officials argue that the RMB yuan is undervalued vis-à-vis the U. S. dollar. Therefore, it is time for the yuan to appreciate. The basis for their argument is that China has accumulated about $350 billion in foreign-currency reserves and over $122 billion in U. S. government bonds. China has, it that sense, become one of the biggest creditors to the United States, which has given China an upper hand over the United States. It is not difficult to understand why the United States has such a worry. It was not too long ago that the Japanese were made the scapegoat of the Amerians. They were accused of taking American jobs. The the Mexicans were accused. Now they have found another accusation, saying that the Chineses are not fair – they go about exporting to the U.S. by taking advantage of a cheap yuan which means lower unit costs of Chinese goods. Such being the case, higher priced American goods are not selling well, and inventories build up at U. S. factories, and the result is layoffs or, even worse, plant closings. Therefore, it is agued that China’s economic policies are responsible for the job losses in the U.S.. An argument of this kind can hardly hold water. American consumers either buy Chinese low priced goods or go elsewhere to buy them at higher prices. Since purchases of Chinese goods can save money, it means the Americans can make more purchases of the more capital or knowledge intensive goods manufactured in the United States. The fact of the matter is that the