英语自考本科英语语法名词解释.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 14 Predicative modal auxility The Predicative modal auxility is a category of modal auxiliary. The predictive meaning, rather homogeneous in nature, is concerned with the speaker’s assuption or assessment of probability and, in most cases, indicates the speaker’s confidence in the truth of his statement. For example, might, may, could,can. Anaphoric refernce Anaphoric refernce: refernce backwards in the text. A personal pronoun, for example, often has anaphoric reference, i.e. you have to look at the preceding context to see what it refers to. For example, ann was studying for her exams. She found it difficult to concentrate. In this example, she has anaphoric reference. 3. Non-finite verbs: The non-finite verbs are so called because they are not marked for ttense of for subject-verb concord. We recognite three types of non-finite verbs: infinitive, -ing participle and –ed participle. 4. Extraposition The extraposition is defined as the replacement of the postponed item by a substitute form. 5. Text The term text refers to a unified passage. A text may be spoken or written, prose or verse, dialogue or monologue. It may be anything from a single proverb to a whole play, from a momentary cry for help to all-day discussion on a committee. 6. participles Participles belong to non-finite verb type. There are two kinds of participles: -ing participle and –ed participle. 7. What is dangling participle? When the subject of a participle is not expressed, it is normally understood to be the subject of the main clause. We call this kind of participle dangling participle. 8. What is “fronting”? “fronting” is a term which refers to the removal of an item from its unmarked post-subject position to the marked pre-subject position. As fronting moves into the initial position an item which does not usually belong there, such a grammatical device disturbs the expected route of information flow and inevitable brings about unusualness, i.e. “this man over