江苏省各地2019届高三上学期10月英语考试试卷精选汇编：任务型阅读.doc

任务型阅读 金陵中学10月月考 第六部分：任务型阅读（10分） Following one million middle-aged women in Britain for 10 years, a study finds that the widely held view that happiness enhances health and longevity is unfounded. The results come from the so-called Million Women Study, which took on women aged 50 to 69 from 1996 to 2001, and tracked them with questionnaires and official records of death and hospital admissions. The questionnaires asked how often the women felt happy, in control, relaxed and stressed, and also instructed them to rate their health and list ailments like high blood pressure, diabetes, depression or anxiety. When the answers were analyzed statistically, unhappiness and stress were not associated with an increased risk of death. It is not clear whether the findings apply to men. Professor Peto said particularly important data came from 500, 000 women who reported that they were in good health, with no history of heart disease, cancer, or stroke. A minority of these healthy women said they were stressed or unhappy, he said, but over the next decade they were no more likely to die than were the women who were generally happy. “This finding refutes(驳斥)the large effects of unhappiness and stress on deathrate that others have claimed, ”Dr. Peto said. Unhappiness itself may not affect health directly, but it can do harm in other ways, by driving people to suicide, alcoholism or other dangerous behaviors, he warned. This type of study, in which people involved depends on their self-assessments, is not considered as reliable as a designed experiment where people involved are picked at random and assigned to a treatment or control group. But the huge number of people in this study gives it power. Still, some observers noted that measuring emotions is more nuanced(细微的)and complex than simply declaring happiness or unhappiness. “I would have liked to see more discussion of how people translate these complicated feelings into a self-report of happiness, ”said Baruch Fischhoff,