斯仑贝谢LWD讲座.ppt

BZ25-1 Project LWD Services VISION LWD Services Alphabet soup More Alphabet soup LWD Operating Modes MWD Data Transmission All MWD tools use mud-pulse telemetry to transmit data to surface: Analog to Digital signals (1 and 0) Digital signals to pressure pulses Pressure pulses transmitted through the mud column Example Telemetry Data Frame ROP vs Measurements LWD – Real Time Logging, In Time The highest data rates in the industry mean you get the data you need, when you need it. Toolface Display Data can be displayed on multiple locations simultaneously Presentation can be edited to suit the particular application Geosteering Surveying Traditional surveying may give a systematic error… Continuous DI in Geosteering Has the potential to provide higher vertical resolution Could be combined with AIM for further improvement Log QC: Control Drill ROP Depth vs Time SLB Formation Evaluation tools Resistivity Tools 2 MHz Propagation Tools Signal change is proportional to the formation Resistivity ARC Tool Family Basic 2 MHz/400 Khz Measurement Skin Effect Changes DOI and Resolution Phase transform Attenuation Resisistivity Transform The Distance-to-Contact Question VISION 675/825/900 2 MHzThin Bed Response VISION 675/825/900 400 kHzThin Bed Response Invasion Profiling VISION Deep Resistivity Propagation - the Good and the Bad Relatively deep depth of investigation Will work in non-conductive bore holes Anisotropy processing (using multiple Phase and Attenuation measurements) Relatively poor vertical resolution Non-directional measurement Strongly affected by high-angle effects Laterolog - the Good and the Bad Excellent vertical resolution Can produce images for structure analysis Azimuthal measurement Measure point can be very close to (at) the bit Very little high-angle effects Will not work in non-conductive bore holes Relatively shallow depth of investigation Nuclear Tools Types of Nuclear Tools Tool Development History CDN6 1989 1st LWD density porosity tools CDN