《气垫导轨粘滞系数的探究》-毕业设计（论文）.docVIP

PAGE w 摘要 气垫导轨粘滞系数的探究 气垫导轨实验由来已久，关于气垫导轨的应用也数见不鲜。然而对气垫导轨上物体运动规律的探究较少，本文旨在探索滑块在气垫导轨上运行时所受到的粘滞阻力。基本出发点是：运用牛顿第二定律导出滑块的运动学方程，求解该运动学方程即可得出滑块的运动规律。与常规运动学方程不同的是，导轨上滑块的动力学方程中存在着未知的粘滞阻力，因而方程的解也带有未知参数，通过代入滑块运动的初始条件，可求解未知参数的表达式。此外，对滑块的运动学方程做适当变形可反解出粘滞阻力系数。本实验基本内容是：通过测量滑块通过光电计时器的时间来间接测量滑块通过光电计时器的瞬时速度，将这些可测量量，代入理论导出的粘滞阻力系数公式中，可求出气垫导轨粘滞阻力系数。本文的新颖之处在于将前人关于粘滞阻力系数的探究结果做了系统性的总结，对前人关于粘滞阻力系数理论推导过程中的一些不足之处进行了修正，并通过实验加以验证，以期启发读者。 关键词：气轨；粘滞系数；理论；修正；测量 w Abstract Study on the coefficient of the air track The air track experiment has been known by lots of people for a long time and its use is also very common. However, the object movement rule on the air track hasn’t been explored so often. In this paper, we aim to explore the viscous resistance of the slider on the air track. Our basic idea is to export the kinematic equation of the slider by using Newton’s second law, and derive the movement rule of the slider through solving the kinematic equation. Not like conventional kinematic equation, there exists unknown viscous resistance in the dynamic equations of the slider which results in the appearance of unknown parameters. By substituting the initial conditions of the slider to the kinematic equation and doing some calculating, we can get the expression of the unknown parameters. Besides, we can derive the viscous drag resistance by doing some processing on the kinematic equation. Our experiment contents is to indirectly measure the instantaneous velocity by directly measuring the time of the slider passing by the photoelectric timer and solve the viscous drag coefficient by substituting the known data to the kinamatic equation. The novelty of this paper is that we made a systematic summary about the study of the viscous drag coefficient made by the previous and verified those results through experiment. What’s more, we proposed our personal amendment on the processing inadequacy made by the precious about the viscous drag coefficient in order to inspire the reader. Keywords：Air track;