肝素类抗凝药物作用机制及发展精编版.ppt

常用抗凝药物抗凝特性 普通肝素： 有相似的抗Xa与IIa活性 低分子肝素：法安明 克塞 速碧林 抗Xa大于IIa活性 戊糖：磺达肝素钠 只有抗Xa活性 水蛭素类：比伐卢丁 只有抗IIa活性 谢谢 * The manufacturing process for heparin remains much the same today as in the early 1900’s, utilizing a number of extraction and filtration processes, as described in the recipe on this slide. Bivalirudin, however, is manufactured using a modern, synthetic process. The molecule is synthesized using an entirely chemical process, followed by a chromatographic purification and final isolation by lyophilization. * Dr. Irving S. Wright, the first doctor to use an anticoagulant to treat the blood clots that can cause heart attacks and strokes, died on Dec. 8 at his home in Manhattan. He was 96. Dr. Wright, a cardiologist and former president of the American Heart Association, retired in 1968 from the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center. In 1938, Dr. Wright, then a professor of clinical medicine at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School of Columbia University, was gravely ill for months because of thrombophlebitis, which involves the formation of a blood clot. After he recovered, he looked for a way to treat a patient whose life was also threatened by thrombophlebitis. Such patients were likely to die because the blood clots could move to the lungs and cause pulmonary embolisms. Dr. Wright treated the patient with an experimental natural anticoagulant called heparin, isolated from animal organs. At the time, heparin had recently been purified at the University of Toronto but had not yet been used to treat a patient, a colleague, Dr. Richard L. Mueller, said in 1995 in the journal Clinical Cardiology. The condition of Dr. Wrights patient improved in two weeks. Therapy with heparin and other coagulants is now standard throughout the world in cases of thrombophlebitis, pulmonary embolism and heart surgery. In 1960, Dr. Wright received the prestigious Albert Lasker Award from the American Heart Association for his study of the u