生物催化提制废次烟草中烟碱的最佳工艺研究-毕业论文(设计).doc

生物催化提制废次烟草中烟碱的最佳工艺研究 中文摘要：烟碱无论是在农业、医药、烟草行业还是在化工行业都有其重要作用。本文综述了废次烟叶成分和烟碱的主要用途，介绍了国内外烟碱提取的现有方法，通过不同菌种的筛选,优选出黄毛菌种作为发酵菌种;并通过对比不同发酵方法，确定采用生物酶化法发酵处理烟草废渣提取烟叶中高附加值成分烟碱。本实验主要探讨了发酵时间、发酵温度、菌种、微波及超声时间、接种量、固液比、以及pH值等因素对烟碱提取的影响，采用分光光度法测定烟碱含量，优化得出最佳工艺条件，并通过萃取、减压蒸馏获得烟碱粗品。实验结果表明：选用黄毛诱导菌为发酵菌种，在发酵时间为24h，发酵温度为30℃，接种量为10%，固液比为1：20，辅料比为4%，pH值为6.00，超声时间15min的条件下具有提制药草中烟碱的最佳效果,为废弃烟草资源化利用提供实验理论基础。 关键词：烟草 烟碱 发酵 工艺 Abstract: Nicotine, whether in agriculture, medicine, chemical industry or the tobacco industry has its own important role. In this paper, discard the major tobacco ingredients and nicotine use, introduced the current domestic and international nicotine extraction method, the screening of different strains, optimized Huangmaodoufuchai bacteria as fermentation bacteria; and by comparing the different fermentation determined by enzyme method fermented tobacco waste extract high value-added component of nicotine in tobacco leaves. This experiment focuses on the fermentation time, fermentation temperature, strain, microwave and ultrasonic time, inoculum size, solid-liquid ratio, and pH value on the extraction of nicotine, the nicotine content measured by spectrophotometry, is optimized optimal conditions, and by extraction, vacuum distillation of crude was nicotine. The results show that: use Herba induced bacteria strains for the fermentation, the fermentation time of 24h, the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, inoculum 10%, the ratio of 1:20, accessories ratio 4%, pH value of 6.00 , under the conditions of ultrasonic time of 15min have put grass in the pharmaceutical nicotine best results. Keywords: tobacco nicotine ferment technology 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1前言 3 1.1本课题提出的背景 3 1.1.1烟草研究 3 1.1.2烟草产业现状 4 1.1.3烟草主要成分 5 1.2本课题研究的目的与意义 5 1.2.1废次烟草对生态环境的危害 5 1.2.2废次烟草的资源化利用 5 1.2.3低碳环保经济 8 1.2.4经济效益 8 1.3烟碱的国内外研究现状 9 1.3.1烟碱的提取方法 9 1.3.2烟碱含量分析方法及优缺点 11 1.4本课题的提出 13 2 实验部分 13 2.1烟碱的性质 13 2.2实验原理 14 2.2.2 生化酶促法发酵废次烟叶原理 14 2.2.3紫外分光