工业工程专业英语Chapter 6.ppt

The second step in planning warehouse layout involves pallet positioning. The most common practice in positioning pallets is 90 degree, or square, placement. Square positioning is widely used because of layout ease. Finally, the handling equipment must be integrated to finalize layout. The path and tempo of product flow depend upon the materials handling system. Sizing Several techniques are available to help estimate warehouse size. Each method begins with a projection of the total volume expected to move through the warehouse during a given period. The projection is used to estimate base and safety stocks for each product to be stocked in the warehouse. Some techniques consider both normal and peak utilization rates. Failure to consider utilization rates can result in overbuilding, with corresponding increase in cost. It is important to note, however, that a major complaint of warehouse managers is underestimation of warehouse size requirements. A good rule of thumb is to allow 10 percent additional space to account for increased volume, new products, and new business opportunities. Notes 1. Purchasing was regarded as a clerical or low-level managerial activity charged with responsibility to execute and process orders initiated elsewhere in the organization. 句意：采购被认为是一种文书性的或者低层次的管理行为，其所承担的责任是执行或者运行企业中其他地方发出的指令。 2. Value engineering is a concept that involves closely examining material and component requirements at the early stage of product design to ensure that the lowest total cost inputs are incorporated into that design. 句意：价值工程是指在产品设计的最早阶段详细检查物资和元件的一个概念，它保证设计拥有最低的总成本输入。 3. At its most basic level, EDI is a major component of integration between buyers and sellers. At least in theory, buyers can communicate quickly, accurately, and interactively with suppliers about requirements, schedules, orders, invoices, and so forth. 句意：在最基本的层面上，电子数据交换是买卖双方结合的最基本元件。至少在理论上，买方可以快速地、准确地、交互地和供应者之间就需求、规划、定购、发票等等进行交流。 4. Retail stores, faced with the challenge of providin