工业工程专业英语Chapter 13.ppt

Chapter 13 Scientific Papers WritingWriting Methodologies The course of scientific papers writing, in a broad sense, is the course of scientific research. It also means the whole course from scratching to finishing the papers in a narrow sense. It will be discussed in the narrow sense in this section. The writing course of scientific papers can be divided into the following several steps: choosing a topic, reviewing and collecting information, analyzing the information, summary and organizing ideas, working out an outline, writing the first draft, revising the draft and finalizing the paper. [53] Choosing a topic The choosing and confirmation of the topic is the first step in scientific papers writing. The topic should reflect the ideas and viewpoints refined from concrete materials. These ideas and viewpoints are called the theme. It is the soul of the scientific papers. The value of any scientific paper depends upon whether the theme is correct and deep or not. After the final conclusion is worked out from the subject, the theme suitable for scientific papers writing is clearly conspicuous. There are two respects. One is the conclusion proves the original imagination at first when choosing the topic. Namely the theme has been confirmed at the beginning of choosing the topic. The other is the conclusion in research denies the initial imagination wholly or partly. Thus a new conclusion is drawn. This is a new theme. In brief, the theme is the embodiment of the writing intention. There are also some basic principles for choosing a good topic that can present the distillation of the papers. (1) The topic should be chosen concretely, not trifling and isolated. So the reader can know clearly that what subject is studied. (2) The difficulty of subject should be moderate. It shouldn’t be beyond the writer’s ability. The feasibility of the subject should be considered from every side. (3) The subject should maximize favorable factors and minimize unfavorable ones. Mak