大学英语四级词汇例子.doc

1. 利用上下文词语意义的互相联系猜测词义 Example: The fishermen make their canoes from tree trunks .They go from island to island in these light marrow boats and collect turtles eggs 我们从上下文中可以得出以下信息：canoes是一种渔夫用树木做的、来回于岛屿之间的、轻狭长的、类似于小船之类的东西。尽管我们可能还不能肯定它的确切解释，但这一生词已经不会影响我们的阅读和理解了。Example ： Jogging has become very popular in some countries; it is believed to be a good exercise for old people.Jogging的意思通过a good exercise for old people 可以推断出是一种适合老年人的运动方式。 2. 利用文章中词与词的同义和反义关系猜测词义 Example: If you happened to be sitting in the woods outside the city, you might have witnessed a strange sight. You would have seen a very proud looking man riding along horseback , saying something 在文章中可以很容易地判断出witness的同义关系词是seen,因此witness就是看见的意思。 Example: In the northern regions the winters are generally cold and humid, and the summers hot and dry.显然，冬天和夏天的气候是截然相反的，它们的修饰词的意思也应该截然相反。cold与hot对应，humid与dry对应。因此，humid是潮湿　意思。3. 利用文章中对词的定义猜测词义 Example：Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists, people who collect shells.Conchologists的意思可以根据该词后面的同位解释people who collect shells理解为收集贝壳的人或贝壳收藏家。Example: Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.florist 的意思就是其后定语从句who keeps a shop for selling flowers 所描述的拥有一家专门卖花的商店的人，即花店主 4. 利用文章中对词的举例及解释猜　测词义 Example: Today young couples who are just starting their households of ten spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color TVs. 通过所举的例子（washing machines, refrigerators and color TVs）可以看出，appliances 应是这些名词的总称，即家用电器。 Example: Finally the enemy surrendered .They threw down their weapons and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads 通过后一句对surrendered的解释：扔掉武器（throw down their weapons ）,举起双手（with their hands over heads ）可知其意是投降5. 利用构词法知识（前缀和后缀）猜测词义Example : They overestimate the interviewees ability and asked him many difficult questionsestimate是估计的意思，over－是前缀，意为过分，过度，超过等，因此overestimate就是高估的意思　。Example: We were told that ours was the most spacious room i