临床生化检验—Dx of DM.doc

Laboratory Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus Fold Table of Contents OBJECTIVES KEY TERMS BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETES MELLITUS (NATIONAL DIABETES DATA GROUP, AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION) Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) and Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) Gestation Diabetes/IGT Previous Abnormality of Glucose Tolerance Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) Hyperglycemia Associated with Certain Conditions or Syndromes TESTS IN THE DIAGNOSIS, CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS Determination of Blood Glucose: Where, How and When Determination of Ketone Bodies Determination of Insulin and C-peptide Glycosuria Glycylated-Hemoglobin Glycated Proteins Proteinuria Anti-Insulin Antibodies CASE STUDIES Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 OBJECTIVES By the end of this session the reader should be able to: Describe the regulation of blood glucose Understand the analysis of blood glucose Identify appropriate laboratory tests for the diagnosis of diabetes Describe the major laboratory findings in diabetes mellitus type I Describe the major clinical findings in diabetes mellitus type I Describe the major laboratory findings in diabetes mellitus type II Describe the major clinical findings in diabetes mellitus type II Describe the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus Describe the laboratory and clinical findings in impaired glucose tolerance Discuss maturity onset diabetes of the young Discuss the hormonal regulation of blood glucose levels, noting what causes a decrease in concentrations and what causes an increase in concentrations Describe non-diabetic conditions in which hyperglycemia is noted Discuss appropriate sample collection for measurement of serum/plasma glucose Discuss the performance of the glucose tolerance test and the findings in diabetes mellitus and in impaired glucose tolerance; discuss its performance in