汽车铝应用手册-AAM-design-1-design-methodology.pdfVIP

Design – Design Methodology Table of contents 1.  Design methodology 2  1.1 The design challenge: Low weight, low cost, low carbon footprint and high performance 2  1.2 Introduction to the design process described in this manual 4  1.2.1 Overview of design process 4  1.2.2 Design Phases and Objectives 5  1.2.3 Design Tools 9  1.2.4 Version 2011 © European Aluminium Association (auto@eaa.be) 1 1. Design methodology 1.1 The design challenge: Low weight, low cost, low carbon footprint and high performance The principal reason for introducing aluminium into automobiles, i.e. the application of aluminium alloys for vehicle components, sub-assemblies and full vehicle structures is to achieve a significant weight reduction compared to traditional car designs based mainly on steel and cast iron. At the same time, the aim must be to develop designs that are easy to manufacture and cost effective whilst meeting the required performance criteria. Today, the design and manufacture of cars must not only satisfy engineering criteria, but also fulfil environmental, social and political aims, such as minimising waste and deposition, satisfying recycling targets, respecting health and safety regulations as well as reducing emissions and saving resources. High emphasis is now given to the environmental performance of an automobile over its total life cycle. The aim is to minimise the overall environmental impact of the vehicle production stage (including materials production), service life and end-of-life phase (including recovery and recycling of the materials). A particular challenge is the treatment of end-of-life vehicles. In the future, therefore, it is envisaged that increased emphasis will be put on the disassembly of selected components for optimum recovery of the material value. This will enhance the traditional recycling route of e