Macroeconomics宏经计算题［新版］.ppt

A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1: Exercise Suppose GDP equals $10 trillion, consumption equals $6.5 trillion, the government spends $2 trillion and has a budget deficit of $300 billion. Find public saving, taxes, private saving, national saving, and investment. * ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1: Answers Given:  Y = 10.0, C = 6.5, G = 2.0, G – T = 0.3 Public saving = T – G = – 0.3 Taxes: T = G – 0.3 = 1.7 Private saving = Y – T – C = 10 – 1.7 – 6.5 = 1.8 National saving = Y – C – G = 10 – 6.5 – 2 = 1.5 Investment = national saving = 1.5 * ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1B: Exercise Now suppose the government cuts taxes by $200 billion. In each of the following two scenarios, determine what happens to public saving, private saving, national saving, and investment. 1. Consumers save the full proceeds of the tax cut. 2. Consumers save 1/4 of the tax cut and spend the other 3/4. * ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1B: Answers In both scenarios, public saving falls by $200 billion, and the budget deficit rises from $300 billion to $500 billion. 1. If consumers save the full $200 billion, national saving is unchanged, so investment is unchanged. 2. If consumers save $50 billion and spend $150 billion, then national saving and investment each fall by $150 billion. * ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1: Calculate labor force statistics Compute the labor force, u-rate, adult population, and labor force participation rate using this data: * Adult population of the U.S.by group, March 2008 # of employed 146.0 million # of unemployed 7.8 million not in labor force 79.2 million 0 ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1: Answers Labor force = employed + unemployed = 146.0 + 7.8 = 153.8 million U-rate = 100 x (unemployed)/(labor force) = 100 x 7.8/153.8 = 5.1% * 0 ., A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1: Answers Population = labor force + not in labor force = 153.8 + 79.2 = 233.0 LF partic