脊柱解剖结构图解PPT参考课件.ppt

五、Normal Curves of vertebral column Cervical curvature颈曲 convex forward Thoracic curvature胸曲 convex backward Lumbar curvature腰曲 convex forward Sacral curvature骶曲 convex backward * * 六、Movement of the vertebral column flexion extension lateral flexion rotation circumduction * Spina bifida cystica  脊 柱 裂 * 大家好！ * 脊 柱 Vertebral column 基础医学院人体解剖教研室 * The vertebral column脊柱 consists of 24 vertebrae, the sacrum, and the coccyx. * 一、Vertebrae 椎骨 There are 33 vertebrae in children, arranged as follows: Cervical vertebrae 颈椎 C.7 Thoracic vertebrae 胸椎 T.12 Lumbar vertebrae 腰椎 L.5 Sacral vertebrae 骶椎 S.5 sacrum 骶骨 Coccygeal vertebrae 尾椎 Co.3~4 coccyx尾骨 * General features of vertebrae Vertebral body 椎体 Vertebral arch 椎弓 pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根: sup. and inf. Vertebral notch 椎上、下切迹 lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板 process (7): spinous process 棘突 transverse process 横突 sup. and inf. articular processes 上、下关节突 Vertebral foramen 椎孔 Vertebral canal 椎管 Intervertebral foramen 椎间孔 * Regional variations of vertebrae Cervical vertebrae Vertebrae Body: small Vertebral foramen: larger and triangular Spinous processes: short and bifid in C3 to C5, long in C6,and longer in C7 Transverse processes: short and bifid, transverse foramen横突孔 Articular processes: horizontal * Atypical vertebeae Atlas寰椎 (C1) Body and spinous process absent, consists of anterior and posterior arches, and two lateral masses Groove for vertebral artery 椎动脉沟 * Axis枢椎 (C2): distinguished by dens齿突 which articulates with dental fovea of anterior arch of atlas * Carotid tubercle: 颈动脉结节: anterior tubercle of transverse process of C6 Vertebra prominens 隆椎(C7):contains long and non-bifid spinous process, it is