汉译英之谓语选择分解.ppt

汉译英之谓语的选择 ●●● ●●●●● ●●●● ●●●●● ●●● @ 汉英主谓结构的差别 汉语的分析型( analytic)语言ⅤS英语的综合型 ( synthetic)语言 ●汉语的复杂谓语成分VS英语的单一谓语成分 汉语谓语的多主动式VS英语谓语的多被动式 @@ 1.分析型语言VS综合型语言 汉语分析型语言 无词尾屈折变化( inflection) 词没有阳性和阴性的变化,没有表阳性和阴性的词缀 英语综合型语言有丰富的屈折变化形式 英语谓语形态稳定,受语法规范约束,需与主语保持一致关系 table/ tables un/ran/run the boys She sings beautifully. 汉语语法呈隐含性( covertness),英语语法呈外显性( overtness) @@ Isolating/analytic language whicn grammatical functions are shOWn by WoRd ORDER and the use of FUNE N WORDS Inflecting language A language in which the form of a word changes to show a change in meaning or grammatical function often there is no clear distinction between the basic part of the word and the part which shows a grammatical function such as number or tense Agglutinating language stem of a word to add to its meaning or to show i o a language in which various AFFIXES may be added to the grammatical function @ 2.谓语成分的复杂性VS单一性 英语谓语比较单一’只能由动词或动词短语充 当,系动词可看成一种特殊为谓语 英语同一主语下的并列谓语一般不超过三个, 多数句子只有一个谓语动词,其他动作概念以 非谓语动词丶介词短语丶名词短语或从句的形 出现。 ●原文若是形容词、名词、数量词或介词短语作 谓语,译文中常常采用系表结构。