水体氨氮污染 .pdfVIP

摘 要 随着社会和经济快速的发展，在消耗物质造就城市繁荣背后，因社会整体环保意识 淡薄，城市污水承接、处理配套系统不完善，使得大量废污水直接排入周边环境水体。 废污水中高浓度的有机物由于微生物的新陈代谢等活动而被分解 ,使得水中的溶解氧量 不断减少,导致水体质量变差。当水体长期处于缺氧和厌氧环境时，水中有机物则会因为 水体厌氧菌的作用而不断分解，并由此产生HS等大量恶臭气体；同时水体部分金属元素 会在缺氧环境中转化成黑色物质，最终形成黑黑臭水体体。黑黑臭水体体给附近居民带 来感官不适，还可能因蚊蝇滋生给附近居民身体健康带来隐患。所以，分析和研究反映 城市黑黑臭水体体关键因素和指标，对城市黑黑臭水体体的治理和消除意义重大。 本文阐述了目前国内黑黑臭水体体研究和评价现状，并开展有关试验。本实验以黄 埔区四条被列进 197 黑黑臭水体体名单的河涌为研究对象，并使用纳氏试剂测量黑臭水 体中氨氮具体含量，进而判断水体污染程度；探究黑黑臭水体体与水体氨氮污染之间的 关联；寻找水体黑臭产生根源，为城市黑黑臭水体体治理提供依据。通过取样测定，发 现四条黑黑臭水体体的氨氮含量都较高，细陂河、三戽涌、文涌、牛屎圳的氨氮浓度分 别达到了10.1946mg/L、13.5502mg/L、7.6218mg/L、13.7816mg/L。通过数据分析、查阅 文献资料，本研究得出结论：黑黑臭水体体的氨氮浓度普遍高于地表水环境质量标准氨 氮项目V类水标准限值，环境水体黑臭伴随着氨氮污染，建议将氨氮作为治理黑臭的主 要控制指标。 关键词：环境水体 氨氮 黑臭 污染 Analysis of Ammonia Nitrogen Pollution in some Black and Odorous Water Bodies in Guangzhou Yang Xue (College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China) Abstract:With the rapid development of society and economy and the continuous growth of population, behind the prosperity of the city caused by the consumption of materials, a large number of wastewater is directly discharged into the surrounding environment water without effective treatment because of the general weak awareness of environmental protection and the imperfect supporting system of urban sewage treatment. The high concentration of organic matter in wastewater will be consumed by the biochemical effect of microorganisms. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in water leads to the deterioration of water environment quality. When the water body is in anoxic and anaerobic environment for a long time, organic matter will release ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other odorous gases under the decomposition of facultative anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and em