2020中学教师资格(统考)《英语学科知识与教学能力》第一章第二节.pptx

授课老师:精讲班英语学科知识与教学能力（中学）教师资格（统考）第一章 学科基础知识 句 法第二节一、从句（一）定语从句定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用：一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用；二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。1.定语从句用法【关系代词的用法】He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.a)? The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.b) Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?He is the man whose car was stolen last week.It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose+名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. (= the back wall of which)He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (= whose name) He is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be.【关系副词的用法】 (1)when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：如：I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?如：Each time he came, he did his best to help us. But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.(2)where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：如：This is the hotel where they are staying.I forget the house where the Smiths lived. 注：where 有时也可以省略。如： This is the place (where) we met yesterday.(3)why 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有： 如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why 时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he quitted.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：（1）三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：如：I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.（2）当先行词是表时间的time,day等和表地点的place,house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes ra