【专题三】语法考点归纳3(时态、语态与主谓一致).pdf

实用标准文案 【专题三】语法考点归纳 3 （时态、语态与主谓一致） 时态、语态与主谓一致考点归纳 动词作谓语时，要用各种不同的形式来表达动作发生的时间和所处的状态，这就是我们所说的时态。动作 发生的时间有四个，即四个“时” ：现在、过去、将来、过去将来。每个“时”里根据动作所处的状态又 分为四个不同的“态” ，即：一般、进行、完成、完成进行。时和态的结合构成十六种时态，如下表（以 动词 do 为例），其中黑体部分为《考试大纲》要求掌握的时态，注意掌握各种时态的意义和用法。 一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现 do am doing have done have been doing 在 does is doing has done has been doing are doing 过 did was doing had done had been doing 去 were doing 将 shall do shall be doing shall have done shall have been doing 来 will do will be doing will have done will have been doing 过 should do should be doing should have done should have been 去 would do would be doing would have done doing 将 would have been doing 来 考点精析 1. 一般现在时的用法 (1) 表示经常性 , 习惯性的动作和现在的状态 , 特征 . 句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语 . 例如 : He goes to school every day. ( 经常性动作 ) 他每天去上学 . He is very happy. ( 现在的状态 ) 他很高兴 . (2). 表示按计划 , 规定要发生的动作 , ( 句中都带有时间状语 ) 但限于少数动词 . 如:begin, come, leave, go arrive, start, stop, return, open, close 等. 例如 : The meeting begins at seven. 会议七点钟开始 . The train starts at nine in the morning. 火车早上九点钟开 . (3). 表示状态和感觉的动词 . 如 be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等常用一般现在时 . 例 如 : I like English very much. 我很喜欢英语 . The story sounds very interesting. 这个故事听起来很有趣 . (4). 书报的标价 , 小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时 . 例如 : 文档