虚拟语气讲解 updated 优质课件.ppt

虚拟语气讲解 subjunctive mood 虚拟语气的概念 ? 虚拟语气（ subjunctive mood ）表示 所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假设和 建议等。 虚拟语气的形式 If 条件句的种类 ? 条件句有 真实条件句 与 非真实条件句 两 种。 真实 条件句所表的假设是可能发生 或实现的，句子中的条件从句与结果主 句皆用直接语气，如： ? 1 ） if I have enough money next year, I will go to Japan ? 2 ） if you have finished with that book, take it back to the library. If 条件句的虚拟语气 ? 非真实条件句 所表的假设则是不可能或 不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从 句和结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 ? If you had not reminded me, I might have forgotten . ? If he were wise, he should have come to see me. 虚拟语气构成类表 从句 主句 与过去事实相反 Had + 过去分词 Should have +done 与现在事实相反 动词过去式 Be 用 were Should +do 与将来事实相反 动词过去式 Were to +do should+ 动词原型 Should +do Examples ? 假如我是你的话，我就不会要那些钱。 ? If I were you, I would refuse the money. ? 假若我们有时间的话，我们就会顺道拜访了 ? We should have dropped by if we had had time. ? 假如他来看我，就会认识我。 ? If he should see me, he would know me. 条件从句和结果主句所表时间不一致 的虚拟语气 ? 从句的动作与主句的动作发生时间不一 致的情况，这时动词的形式应根据所表 示的时间做相应的调整。这称为错综虚 拟条件句。 Examples ? If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now. 从句是过去时虚拟，主句是现在进行时虚拟 ? If we had not been working hard in the past few years,things would not be going smoothly. 从句是过去时虚拟，主句是现在进行时虚拟 Exercises ? You (be) better now if you (take) my advice. ? If my father (sent) me, I (be) not here now. ? If he (come), what we (say)to him. 虚拟语气中的倒装句 ? 非真实条件从句的连词 if 在书面语中可以 省略，并将谓语中的 were ,had ,should 移置主语之前。 ? Were you in my position ,you would do the same. ? Had I time, I would come. 含蓄条件句 ? 非真实条件句中的从句有时不表达出来，只暗 含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ? What would I have done without you? ? It would be easier to do it in this way . ? Without your help I could not have finished the task on time. ? But for the storm,we should have arrived earlier ? I am really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. ? A man of less courage would not have dared to go. ? If onl