非谓语动词(一)---作主宾表.pptVIP

非谓语动词(一) 非谓语动词有哪些形式？ 非谓语动词 一般式 进行式 完成式 一般式 完成式 to be doing 动词-ing形式 动词不定式 过去分词 to be done to have been done being done having been done 及物动词的过去分词既表示被动又表示动作已完成, 个别动词的过去分词只表示完成(多数为不及物动词) 主动形式 被动形式 to do to have done doing having done done 非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。 成份 类别 主语 宾语 定语 表语 补语 状语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词-ing √ √ √ √ √ √ 过去分词 × × √ √ √ √ ※非谓语动词的句法功能 非谓语动词 作主语、表语和宾语 非谓语动词作主语、表语 非谓语动词作宾语 回顾与总结与解题步骤 (1)动名词作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作, 不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。 *Facing your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out. *To complete the program needs much effort. (2)it作形式主语, 代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动名 词。代替动名词常见句型有: It is/was no use/good+doing sth. ; It is/was not any use/good + doing sth. ; It is/was of little use/good + doing sth. ; It is/was useless doing sth. ; It’s a waste of time doing sth... 代替不定式常见句型有： It is adj. (for sb) to do sth; It is adj. of sb to do sth; It is + a pleasure/an honor/a pity... to do; It takes sb +time to do...等。 2. 非谓语动词中能作表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。注意现在分词作表语意为“令人感到……的”, 而过去分词作表语意为本身“感到……的”。 *My dream is to enter Beijing University. *Please describe a dog that is frightening. *Please describe a dog that is frightened. 【点津】get, become, look, seem, appear等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语, 表示被动或主语的状态。 *This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn’t get discouraged right after failures. 注意2：当主语部分有动作动词do 时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号 “to” Example: All we have to do is push the button. The only thing I can do now is go on by myself. All I could do was send him a telegram. 注意1：主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组，或以 what 引导的名词性从句表示，后面通常接不定式做表语说明其内容。 Example: My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. Your mistake was not to write that letter. My suggestion is to start work at once. What I would suggest is to start work at once. 【题组训练】 1.