基础免疫学基础免疫学1 Coming of Age.pdf

REVIEW published: 03 April 2019 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00684 Immunology’s Coming of Age StefanH.E.Kaufmann1,2* 1 Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany, 2 Hagler Institute for Advanced Study, Texas AM University, College Station, TX, United States This treatise describes the development of immunology as a scientific discipline with a focus on its foundation. Toward the end of the nineteenth century, the study of immunology was founded with the discoveries of phagocytosis by Elias Metchnikoff, as well as by Emil Behring’s and Paul Ehrlich’s discovery of neutralizing antibodies. These seminal studies were followed by the discoveries of bacteriolysis by complement and of opsonization by antibodies, which provided first evidence for cooperation between acquired and innate immunity. In the years that followed, light was shed on the pathogenic corollary of the immune response, describing