被动语态语法知识系统归纳.docVIP

被动语态语法知识系统归纳 定义 （1）英语的语态共有两种： 主动语态和被动语态。 （2）被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。 （3）被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。 （4）疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 类型 　 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 ①am\is\are ②do/does am\is\are+done 一般将来时 will\be going to\be (about)to+do will+be+done 一般过去时 ①was\were ②did was\were+done 现在进行时 am\is\are+doing am\is\are+being+done 过去进行时 was\were+doing was\were+being+done 现在完成时 have\has+done have\has+been+done 过去完成时 had+done had+been+done 情态动词 情态动词+V. 情态动词+be+done 过去将来时 would/should +V. would/should be + done 一般类型 1、一般现在时： 主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 2、一般过去时： 主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 3、一般将来时： 主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 4、现在进行时： 主动：The workers are repairing the main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute. 被动：The main building of the Northeast Engineering Institute is being repaired by the workers. 5、过去进行时： 主：They were carrying the hurt player. 被：The hurt player was being carried by them . 6、现在完成时： 主：He has received the letter. 被：The letter has been received by him. 7、过去完成时： 主：They had built ten bridges. 被：Ten bridges had been built by them 特殊类型 1、疑问句和否定句的被动语态 What kind of device is needed to make the control system simple? My car was not repaired yesterday. 2、含情态动词和 助动词等的被动态 带情态动词和 助动词等的被动态如何处理比较复杂，要随新的 主语来变化。 主动：We shall not use the washing machine again. 被动：The washing machine will not be used again. 主动：We shall take more measures to prevent corrosion. 被动：More measures will be taken to prevent corrosion.? 3.含情态动词的疑问句和否定句的被动语态 Must this work be done at once？ Should your homework be finished before six？ When must this work be done？ This dustbin shouldnt be put here． 4、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。有： It is said that…据说…… It is reported that…据报道…… It is believed that…