外国援助对卢旺达经济增长的效用评价.pdf

摘 要 本文主要研究对外援助对卢旺达经济增长的影响。文中选用了从 1998 年到 2018 年间，来自澳大利亚、亚洲、欧洲和美洲等区域 29 个捐助国双边援助净流 量数据。本研究用人均 GDP 来衡量经济发展水平和用官方援助净流入额来衡量外 援情况，这两个关键变量使人们能够在宏观层面关注援助与经济增长的关系。本 文对世界银行数据库的数据进行了收集并分析了变量之间的关系。本论文采用一 种普通最小二乘（OLS）来检验估计量的稳健性该方法具有线性、最小方差和无 偏的最优性质。本文利用面板数据法进行回归分析，在外援与经济增长面板数据 序列的基础上检验了二者之间的关系。研究表明，从援助效果来看，外援流入与 经济增长率和人均 GDP 增长率有关。此外，在良好的政策环境下，援助与经济增 长正相关。因此。投资一些发展项目的援助，可提高国家的国内生产总值，降低 国家的贫困水平。这些结果将有助于宏观经济政策制定者考虑分配资源以促进技 术转让和发展、促进储蓄和投资以及资本积累以促进经济进一步增长。 i 关键词：对外援助，人均GDP， i 卢旺达，面板数据，经济增长 i vii TABLE iOF iCONTENTS CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ············································1 1.0 Introduction ·····················································································1 1.1 Background to the Study ······································································1 1.2 Problem Statement·············································································3 1.3 Objectives of the Study ·······································································5 1.4 Specific objectives ·············································································5 1.5 Research Questions ···········································································5 1.6 Research Hypothesis ··········································································5 1.7 Scope iof the study·············································································6 1.8 Significance of the study ······································································6 1.9 Limitations of the study ·······································································6 1.10 Organisation of the Study ···································································7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ··················································8 2.0. Introduction ·······································