非营利组织参与养老服务问题研究——以南昌市青山湖区为例.pdf

摘 要 我国已经逐渐步入老龄化社会，随着城市化进程加剧，家庭人口结构性改变， 人口流动性增大，“空巢老人”等养老突出问题逐渐显现；同时，随着人民生活 水平的提高，人们对养老多样化需求日益增长，与我国现阶段滞后的养老服务供 给之间的矛盾日益尖锐。传统的家庭养老模式功能弱化，仅以政府为责任主体、 政府大包大揽的养老方式已经不能解决当今的养老问题。与此同时，随着全球治 理体系转变，我国治理主体从一元向多元转变，治理手段由管理向服务转变，非 营利组织在社会治理和社会服务供给方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。因此，鼓励 非营利组织参与养老服务，实现养老供给多元化，进一步完善我国养老服务体系 是解决我国养老问题的必然选择。 南昌市青山湖区作为被国家卫健委、民政部确定的全国首批医养结合试点地 区之一，在新型养老服务体系建设及多元化养老服务供给方面有了一定成功的经 验，也暴露出了一些问题。本文以青山湖区为例，发现了青山湖区非营利组织在 参与养老服务过程中，“一中心、多平台、全覆盖”养老服务模式存在着非营利 养老组织管理不规范、人才队伍薄弱、专业运营缺乏等诸多问题。针对这些问题， 本文进行了深入剖析并建言献策，为进一步健全我国养老服务模式，提高养老服 务质量，实现我国养老服务高质量发展提出参考性意见。 关键字：老龄化社会；非营利组织；养老服务 I Abstract China has gradually entered the aging society. With the acceleration of urbanization, the structural change of family member and the increase of population mobility, empty-nest elderlyand other agedproblemshavebecomemoreprominent. At the same time, with growth in the living standard, the contradiction between the increasing demand for diversified services,and Chinaslagging old-age service supply is increasingly sharp. The function of the traditional family pension model has been weakened.The traditional mode, in which the government, as the main responsibility subject, undertook the whole things, has been failed to solve the aged problems. With the transformation of the global governance system, the governance subject in China has changed from monism to pluralism, and the governance management model has changed from management to service.Non-profit organizations have been playing an important role in social governance and service supply. Therefore, it is inevitableto encouragethem toparticipate in the elderly care services,which can help to diverse the suppliers ofthe old-age services and improve the system of elderly care servicein China. Qingshan Lake district in Nanchang, determined by the National Health Commissio