《妇产科学》课件：解剖-双语3节.ppt

Uterus Location Pelvic cavity Anterior to rectum Posterior-superior to urinary bladder Form A pear-shaped, thick walled muscular organ Size: 7-8 cm? 4-5 cm? 3 cm Capacity : 5 ml Function of uterus Consists of blood-enriched tissue that sloughs off each month during menstrual cycle The powerful muscles of the uterus expand to accommodate a growing fetus and push it through the birth canal The position of the uterus Anteversion (facing forward) the most general position Retroversion (facing backward) military position lateral position Uterus – gross anatomy Fundus: rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes Body: major portion of the uterus Isthmus – narrowed region between the body and cervix Cervix: narrow neck projected into the vagina inferiorly Isthmus uteri 子宫峡部 Supports of the Uterus Broad ligament-supports the uterus laterally Round ligaments – bind the anterior wall to the labium majus Cardinal ligaments-extend from the cervix and superior part of the vagina to the lateral walls of the pelvis Uterosacral ligaments – paired ligaments that secure the uterus to the sacrum Uterus – layers Perimetrium Parietal peritoneum Myometrium thick wall of smooth muscle Endometrium Mucous membrane Stratum functionalis Stratum basale Varies with menstrual cycle Histology Stratum functionalis Surface epithelium Shed during menstruation Cyclic growth Stratum basale Not shed Regenerates new stratum functionalis Fallopian tubes （1） muscular tubes projecting from the cornua of the uterus to embrace the ovaries. Each tube is 8-14 cm long Site of fertilization Interstitial portion 间质部 Isthmic portion 峡部 Ampulla 壶腹部 Fimbria 伞部 Histology serous membrane浆膜 myometrium肌层 mucous layer粘膜层 Fallopian tubes （2） The Ovaries （1） Paired organs on each side of the uterus held in place by several ligaments Ovarian ligament– anchors the ovary medially to the uterus Suspensory ligament– anchors the ovary laterally to the pel