耳鼻喉课件：颈部neck.pptx

颈部neck;颈部Neck;体表标志Landmarks;颈部分区Division of neck;;皮肤Skin 浅筋膜Superficial fascia 深筋膜Deep fascia 肌Muscles 血管Blood vessels, 淋巴管Lymphatic ducts 神经Nerves 咽、喉、食管、气管、甲状腺、甲状旁腺Pharynx,larynx and esophagua and trachea Thyroid gland, parathyroid gland ;皮肤Skin ;浅筋膜Superficial fascia;颈筋膜Cervical fascia;;;颈动脉鞘Carotid sheath;筋膜间隙Spaces among fascia;颈前区anterior regions of the neck;下颌下三角Submandibular triangle;facial a.and v.: deep to the gland lingual a. and v.: medially to the lower part of the gland hypoglossal n.：medially to the lower part of the gland lingual n.：medially to the upper part of the gland submandibular ganglion： medially to the upper part of the gland submandibular lymph nodes：around the gland;颏下三角Submental triangle 境界：两侧二腹肌前腹和舌骨围成。 顶：皮肤、浅筋膜、封套筋膜Covered by skin, superficial fascia and investing fascia 底Floor－下颌锁骨肌mylohyoid muscles 内容Contents－颏淋巴结submental lymph nodes ;颈动脉三角Carotid triangle;;二腹肌后腹Posterior belly of digastic muscle;肌三角Muscular triangle;内容Contents 胸骨舌骨肌Sternohyoid 肩胛舌骨肌上腹superior belly of omohyoid 胸骨甲状肌Sternothyroid 甲状舌骨肌Thyrohyoid 甲状腺thyroid gland 甲状旁腺parathyroid gland 咽Pharynx 喉Larynx 气管颈段cervical part of trachea 食管颈段cervical part of esophagus 喉的神经、血管Blood vessels and nerves to larynx;;甲状腺Thyroid gland; Coverings 甲状腺鞘（假被囊） 由气管前筋膜形成，其后部增厚附着于甲状软骨和环状软骨弓，有固定甲状腺的作用。 the posterior part thickened (suspensory lig. of throid gland) and attached to arch of cricoid and thyroid cartilages, hence, the thyroid gland moves with larynx during swallowing and oscillates during speaking 纤维囊（真被囊） 其与甲状腺鞘之间含有甲状旁腺和血管、神经。 Space between the sheath contains parathyroid gland, blood vessels and nerve;甲状腺动脉和喉的神经 甲状腺上动脉Superior thyroid a. Branch of external carotid a. 与喉上神经伴行Runs superficial and parallel to the external branch of superior laryngeal n. and separate from each other near (0.5~1.0cm) the upper pole of thyroid gland and reach it Gives off superior laryngeal a. in company with internal branch of superior laryngeal n. 喉上神经分为喉内支与喉外支;;甲状腺最下动脉lowest thyroid arter