哈里伯顿MWD内部资料1—Intro to drilling and BHA.pdf

Section 1 Introduction to Drilling and MWD Tech 1 Shopfloor maintenance Introduction to drilling and MWD Life cycle of a well. • Location Surveyed • Well Drilled ( Sperry PSL, Baroid PSL, Security DBS PSL) • Hole Cased ( Cementing PSL) • Cased Hole Evaluated ( Logging PSL) • Hole Cored ( Security DBS PSL) • Hole Perforated ( TTTCP PSL) • Oil flow tested ( TTTCP PSL) • Well produced (CPS) • Well Stimulated ( Product Enhancement PSL) Rig types Once an area is know or suspected to hold oil/gas a rig will be brought in. • Land • Submersible • Semi-submersible • Jack up • Platform • And Drill ship Land Rig Jack up Submersible Semi sub Platform Drill ship Drilling the well. the well is created by drilling a hole into the earth with an oil rig which rotates a drill bit. To drill the well, • The drill bit, aided by rotary torque and the compressive weight of drill collars above it, breaks up the earth. • Drilling fluid (aka mud) is pumped down the inside of the drill pipe and exits at the drill bit and aids to break up the rock, keeping pressure on top of the bit, as well as cleaning, cooling and lubricating the bit. • The generated rock cuttings are swept up by the drilling fluid as it circulates back to surface outside the drill pipe. Then go over shakers which shakes out the cuttings over screens allowing the good fluid to return back into the pits. Watching for abnormalities in the returning cuttings and volume of returning fluid are imperative to catch kicks (when the pressure below the bit is more so than above causing gas and mud to come back up uncontrollably) early. • The pipe or drill string to which the bit is attached is gradually lengthened as the well gets deeper by screwing in several