(完整word版)被动语态详解及分类练习(包括句子翻译).doc

一、被动语态 1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是： be + Vp.p （及物动词过去分词） be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化 一、 被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成： is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. I am asked to study hard by my mother. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成： was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成： has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成： will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. Many more trees will be planted next year. 5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now. The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：  am / is / are + being +  及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.  → My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They ar e planting trees over there.  → 7. 不定式的被动语态： to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted. 练习： 1. The boy ______ to get supper ready after school yesterday． A. were told B. is telling C. was told D. tells 2. A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China in ten years ． A. must B. will be C. has D. have 3. Chinese _______ by the largest number of people. A. speak B. is speaking C. speaks D. is spoken 4. The old stone bridge ___ next week. A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild The coat___her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to 2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词 原则上，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但是， 许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词， 变成及物 动词短语如 look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at 等，这时也可有被动语态。 此时 应注意短语的整体性，即后面的介词或副词不要丢掉。例如： We should speak to old people politely. Old people ______ ______ ______ ______ politely by us. She will take good care of the children ．（变被动语态） The children will ______ ____