非谓语动词 学生讲义.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 非谓语动词结构表 一般式 完成式 进行式 句法功能 不定式 主动 to study to have studied to be studying 起名词、形容词、副词等作用，做主、宾、宾补、定、状 被动 to be studied to have been studied 发生在谓语动词之后 或与谓语动词同时发生 发生在谓语动词之前 与谓语动词同时发生 动名词 现在分词 主动 studying having studied 起名词、形容词、副词等作用，做主、宾、宾补、定、状语等。 被动 being studied having been studied 与谓语动词同时发生 发生在谓语动词之前 过去分词 done 表被动和完成(不及物动词无被动含义) 起形容词和副词作用,不作主、宾 非谓语动词用法表 形式 作用 用法区别 逻辑主语 复合结构 不 定 式 to + v. 主、表 强调具体的或一次的动作 for + 宾格 + 不定式 in order to so as to too…to such…as to so…as to enough to what to等 宾语 只能做want等某些动词的宾语 定语 有“将来”的意味，与修饰词多有新的动宾关系 状语 目的、结果或原因等 补足语 补充说明宾语（或主语）做过这么一回事 动 名 现 分词 V + ing 主、表 不表示具体动作，只表示某种“属性或感觉” 所有格 / 宾格 + doing 宾语 只能做finish等某些动词的宾语 定语 表示该动作是由被修饰词发出或被修饰词的用途 状语 时间、原因、结果、伴随行为等，表示主动。 补足语 强调宾语正在做某事时的情景，表示主动。 过 分 V + ed 表语 相当于一个形容词，表示被动或完成。 主格 + 分词 when, while + 分词 定语 被修饰词是该动作的承受者，或表示完成。 状语 时间、原因、伴随行为等，表示被动。 补足语 宾语（主语）是该动作的承受者，表示完成被动。 考点一 非谓语动词作定语 1.Volunteering gives you a chance ____________ (change) lives, including your own. (2013 北京卷21 改编) 2.He had time for a proper breakfast and was the first reach the factory. (2011 四川卷 短文改错) 3.A study of travelers 68.__________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as …says it regularly arranges quick get-aways here for people 69._______(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. (2015 全国新课标卷Ⅰ) 考点二 非谓语动词作状语 1._________ (earn) some money to pay the daily expense, I started to work in a local café as a waiter. (2014 上海卷 26) 2.She wished that he was as easy ___________ (please) as her mother, who was delighted with perfume. (2009 广东卷 32) 3.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ (find) it didn’t fit. (2014 天津卷 5 ) 4.In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, ________ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community stores. (2014 上海卷 39) 5.Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, ________ (wear) sun glasses. (2012 广东卷 16) 6._____