抗菌肽基因及研究应用进展.doc

抗菌肽基因及研究进展 摘 要 抗菌肽是昆虫先天性免疫系统中十分关键效应因子，多年来一直是昆虫免疫学研究热点。家蚕作为鳞翅目昆虫代表，其抗菌肽研究取得了长足进展。依据过去研究取得抗菌肽基因，并利用这些序列在家蚕基因组中进行同源搜寻，共发觉了40个家蚕抗菌肽基因。这些基因编码多肽在大小、氨基酸组成和性质上差异很大，但基于结构性质能够分成3类：(1)含有α-螺旋结构而且缺乏半胱氨酸(Cysteine,Cys)线性抗菌肽；(2)富含脯氨酸和/或甘氨酸抗菌肽;(3)富含半胱氨酸环形抗菌肽。本文将以这3类结构作为根本综述家蚕抗菌肽多年来研究进展。 关键词 家蚕；抗菌肽；结构 Antimicrobial Peptide Genes in Bombyx mori and Their Research Progress SUN Wei1, SHEN Yihong1, XIANG Zhonghuai1, ZHANG Ze1，2 （1. The key Sericultural Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716,China. 2. The Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chongqing 400030, China） Abstract Antimicrobial peptides are the important effectors of the innate immune system in insects, which are always the hot research of the insect immune. Silkworm is the representative of the Lepidoptera, and the researches of antimicrobial peptides in silkworm make a great progress. A local BLAST search of the silkworm genome database identified 40 antimicrobial peptide genes. Though the peptides encoded by these genes have great differences in size, amino acid composition and properties, they could be grouped into 3 categories: (1) linear peptides formingα-helices and without cysteine residues;(2) cyclic peptides containing cysteine residues;(3) peptides with an overrepresentation in proline and/or glycine residues. The review presents the main researches in the field of antimicrobial peptides from silkworm with these three aspects during these years. Key words Bombyx mori; antimicrobial peptides; structure 昆虫是一类进化上较为低等动物，同时也是世界上种类和数量最多动物。面对大量外源微生物侵害，即使没有类似于哺乳动物特异性免疫系统，不过仍然能够很好生存，说明昆虫肯定有对非特异因子产生免疫应答高效先天免疫系统。昆虫免疫系统由体液免疫和细胞免疫组成。细胞免疫关键是血细胞吞噬和消化外来异物,和高等动物类似。黑化反应也是昆虫关键细胞免疫，血淋巴和血细胞中，当外源物侵入昆虫血腔时，激发了丝氨酸蛋白酶级联反应形成黑色素。这么，当酚氧化酶沉积在外源微生物表面时，可形成能阻止其生长和运动而且将其和寄主组织隔离黑化包囊 ADDIN EN.CITE EndNoteCiteAuthorKimbrell/AuthorYear20XX/YearRecNum79/RecNumrecordrec-number79/rec-numberref-type name=Journal Article17/ref-typecontributorsauthorsauthorKimbrell, D. A./authorauthorBeutler, B./auth