5.4.1 英国文学导读摘要简介.pdf

The Abstract Section of a Research Contents 1. Introduction 2. Five moves in an abstract 3. Reading practice 1. Introduction An abstract is a brief summary of the key points of a research article, thesis, review, report, proposal, conference proceeding, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject. Positioned at the beginning of a paper, the abstract is usually the first thing that individuals read and, as such, decide whether to continue reading. It is also what is most accessed by search engines and researchers conducting their own literature reviews (Dan W. Butin, The Education Dissertation, 2010). 2.Five moves in an abstract • Move 1: background • Move 2: problem • Move 3: methods • Move 4: results • Move 5: conclusions Move 1：background •the background and context to the study •its rationale and significance •unsolved problems Move 2： the research problem in the study •the particular research problem under investigation •the purpose of the study •any specific research objectives or hypotheses Move 3:methods •the approach the methods used to investigate the problem •the extent of the study •what was done or measured •how was it done •the location of the study •when it was performed Move 4: results •important data •the major findings Move 5: conclusions •the implications of the results •gaps remaining further study •future research directions Always five moves in an abstract? 3. Reading practice 1: With 5 moves (1)Rural household energy use for cooking and heating is an important source of air pollutants in China, as it affects both human health and climate change (current